A new version of the Bahá’í Reference Library is now available. This ‘old version’ of the Bahá’í Reference Library will be replaced at a later date.
The new version of the Bahá’i Reference Library can be accessed here »
24 July 1912 |
In the world of existence there is nothing so important as spirit,
nothing so essential as the spirit of man. The spirit of man is the
most noble of phenomena. The spirit of man is the meeting between
man and God. The spirit of man is the animus of human life
and the collective center of all human virtues. The spirit of man is
the cause of the illumination of this world. The world may be
240
likened to the body; man is the spirit of the body, because the light
of the world is the human spirit. Man is the life of the world, and
the life of man is the spirit. The happiness of the world depends
upon man, and the happiness of man is dependent upon the spirit.
The world may be likened to the lamp chimney, whereas man is the
light. Man himself may be likened to the lamp; his spirit is the light
within the lamp. Therefore, we will speak of this spirit.
|
The philosophers of the world are divided into two classes:
materialists, who deny the spirit and its immortality, and the divine
philosophers, the wise men of God, the true illuminati who believe
in the spirit and its continuance hereafter. The ancient philosophers
taught that man consists simply of the material elements which
compose his cellular structure and that when this composition is
disintegrated the life of man becomes extinct. They reasoned that
man is body only, and from this elemental composition the organs
and their functions, the senses, powers and attributes which characterize
man have proceeded, and that these disappear completely
with the physical body. This is practically the statement of all the
materialists.
|
The divine philosophers proclaim that the spirit of man is ever-living
and eternal, and because of the objections of the materialists,
these wise men of God have advanced rational proofs to
support the validity of their statement. Inasmuch as the materialistic
philosophers deny the Books of God, scriptural demonstration
is not evidence to them, and materialistic proofs are necessary.
Answering them, the men of divine knowledge have said that all
existing phenomena may be resolved into grades or kingdoms,
classified progressively as mineral, vegetable, animal and human,
each of which possesses its degree of function and intelligence.
When we consider the mineral, we find that it exists and is possessed
of the power of affinity or combination. The vegetable possesses
the qualities of the mineral plus the augmentative virtue or
power of growth. It is, therefore, evident that the vegetable kingdom
is superior to the mineral. The animal kingdom in turn possesses
the qualities of the mineral and vegetable plus the five senses of
perception whereof the kingdoms below it are lacking. Likewise,
the power of memory inherent in the animal does not exist in the
lower kingdoms.
|
Just as the animal is more noble than the vegetable and mineral,
so man is superior to the animal. The animal is bereft of
ideality—that is to say, it is a captive of the world of nature and not
in touch with that which lies within and beyond nature; it is without
spiritual susceptibilities, deprived of the attractions of consciousness,
241
unconscious of the world of God and incapable of deviating
from the law of nature. It is different with man. Man is possessed
of the emanations of consciousness; he has perception, ideality and
is capable of discovering the mysteries of the universe. All the industries,
inventions and facilities surrounding our daily life were at
one time hidden secrets of nature, but the reality of man penetrated
them and made them subject to his purposes. According to nature’s
laws they should have remained latent and hidden; but man, having
transcended those laws, discovered these mysteries and brought
them out of the plane of the invisible into the realm of the known
and visible. How wonderful is the spirit of man! One of the mysteries
of natural phenomena is electricity. Man has discovered this
illimitable power and made it captive to his uses. How many of
nature’s secrets have been penetrated and revealed! Columbus,
while in Spain, discovered America. Man has accurately determined
that the sun is stationary while the earth revolves about it.
The animal cannot do this. Man perceives the mirage to be an illusion.
This is beyond the power of the animal. The animal can only
know through sense impressions and cannot grasp intellectual
realities. The animal cannot conceive of the power of thought. This
is an abstract intellectual matter and not limited to the senses. The
animal is incapable of knowing that the earth is round. In brief,
abstract intellectual phenomena are human powers. All creation
below the kingdom of man is the captive of nature; it cannot deviate
in the slightest degree from nature’s laws. But man wrests the
sword of dominion from nature’s hand and uses it upon nature’s
head. For example, it is a natural exigency that man should be a
dweller upon the earth, but the power of the human spirit transcends
this limitation, and he soars aloft in airplanes. This is contrary
to the law and requirement of nature. He sails at high speed
upon the ocean and dives beneath its surface in submarines. He
imprisons the human voice in a phonograph and communicates in
the twinkling of an eye from East to West. These are things we
know to be contrary to the limitations of natural law. Man transcends
nature, while the mineral, vegetable and animal are
helplessly subject to it. This can be done only through the power of
the spirit, because the spirit is the reality.
|
In the physical powers and senses, however, man and the animal
are partners. In fact, the animal is often superior to man in
sense perception. For instance, the vision of some animals is exceedingly
keen and the hearing of others most acute. Consider the
instinct of a dog: how much greater than that of man. But, although
the animal shares with man all the physical virtues and senses, a
242
spiritual power has been bestowed upon man of which the animal is
devoid. This is a proof that there is something in man above and
beyond the endowment of the animal—a faculty and virtue peculiar
to the human kingdom which is lacking in the lower kingdoms
of existence. This is the spirit of man. All these wonderful human
accomplishments are due to the efficacy and penetrating power of
the spirit of man. If man were bereft of this spirit, none of these
accomplishments would have been possible. This is as evident as the
sun at midday.
|
All the organisms of material creation are limited to an image or
form. That is to say, each created material being is possessed of a
form; it cannot possess two forms at the same time. For example, a
body may be spherical, triangular or square; but it is impossible for
it to be two of these shapes simultaneously. It may be triangular,
but if it is to become square, it must first rid itself of the triangular
shape. It is absolutely impossible for it to be both at the same time.
Therefore, it is evident in the reality of material organisms that
different forms cannot be simultaneously possessed. In the
spiritual reality of man, however, all geometrical figures can be
simultaneously conceived, while in physical realities one image
must be forsaken in order that another may be possible. This is the
law of change and transformation, and change and transformation
are precursors of mortality. Were it not for this change in form,
phenomena would be immortal; but because the phenomenal existence
is subject to transformation, it is mortal. The reality of man,
however, is possessed of all virtues; it is not necessary for him to
give up one image for another as mere physical bodies do. Therefore,
in that reality there is no change or transformation; it is immortal
and everlasting. The body of man may be in America while
his spirit is laboring and working in the Far East, discovering, organizing
and planning. While occupied in governing, making laws
and erecting a building in Russia, his body is still here in America.
What is this power which, notwithstanding that it is embodied in
America, is operating at the same time in the Orient, organizing,
destroying, upbuilding? It is the spirit of man. This is irrefutable.
|
When you wish to reflect upon or consider a matter, you consult
something within you. You say, shall I do it, or shall I not do it? Is
it better to make this journey or abandon it? Whom do you consult?
Who is within you deciding this question? Surely there is a distinct
power, an intelligent ego. Were it not distinct from your ego, you
would not be consulting it. It is greater than the faculty of thought.
It is your spirit which teaches you, which advises and decides upon
matters. Who is it that interrogates? Who is it that answers? There
243
is no doubt that it is the spirit and that there is no change or transformation
in it, for it is not a composition of elements, and anything
that is not composed of elements is eternal. Change and
transformation are peculiarities of composition. There is no
change and transformation in the spirit. In proof of this, the body
may become weakened in its members. It may be dismembered, or
one of its members may be incapacitated. The whole body may be
paralyzed; and yet the mind, the spirit, remains ever the same. The
mind decides; the thought is perfect; and yet the hand is withered,
the feet have become useless, the spinal column is paralyzed, and
there is no muscular movement at all, but the spirit is in the
same status. Dismember a healthy man; the spirit is not dismembered.
Amputate his feet; his spirit is there. He may become lame;
the spirit is not affected. The spirit is ever the same; no change or
transformation can you perceive, and because there is no change or
transformation, it is everlasting and permanent.
|
Consider man while in the state of sleep; it is evident that all his
parts and members are at a standstill, are functionless. His eye does
not see, his ear does not hear, his feet and hands are motionless;
but, nevertheless, he does see in the world of dreams, he does hear,
he speaks, he walks, he may even fly in an airplane. Therefore, it
becomes evident that though the body be dead, yet the spirit is alive
and permanent. Nay, the perceptions may be keener when man’s
body is asleep, the flight may be higher, the hearing may be more
acute; all the functions are there, and yet the body is at a standstill.
Hence, it is proof that there is a spirit in the man, and in this spirit
there is no distinction as to whether the body be asleep or absolutely
dead and dependent. The spirit is not incapacitated by these
conditions; it is not bereft of its existence; it is not bereft of its
perfections. The proofs are many, innumerable.
|
These are all rational proofs. Nobody can refute them. As we
have shown that there is a spirit and that this spirit is permanent and
everlasting, we must strive to learn of it. May you become informed
of its power, hasten to render it divine, to have it become
sanctified and holy and make it the very light of the world illumining
the East and the West.
|