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TALK ‘ABDU’L-BAHÁ DELIVERED IN ST. PAUL 20 September 1912 |
The materialists hold to the opinion that the world of nature is
complete. The divine philosophers declare that the world of nature
is incomplete. There is a wide difference between the two. The
materialists call attention to the perfection of nature, the sun, moon
and stars, the trees in their adornment, the whole earth and the
sea—even unimportant phenomena revealing the most perfect
symmetry. The divine philosophers deny this seeming perfection
and completeness in nature’s kingdom, even though admitting the
beauty of its scenes and aspects and acknowledging the irresistible
cosmic forces which control the colossal suns and planets. They
hold that while nature seems perfect, it is, nevertheless, imperfect
because it has need of intelligence and education. In proof of this
they say that man, though he be a very god in the realm of material
creation, is himself in need of an educator. Man undeveloped by
education is savage, animalistic, brutal. Laws and regulations,
schools, colleges and universities have for their purpose the training
of man and his uplift from the dark borderland of the animal
kingdom. What is the difference between the people of America
and the inhabitants of central Africa?
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All are human beings. Why have the people of America advanced
to a high degree of civilization while the tribes of central
Africa remain in extreme ignorance and barbarism? The difference
and distinction between them is the degree of education. This is
unquestioned. The people of Europe and America have been uplifted
by education and training from the world of defects and have
ascended toward the realm of perfection, whereas the people of
Africa, denied educational development, remain in a natural condition
of illiteracy and deprivation, for nature is incomplete and
defective. Education is a necessity. If a piece of ground be left in its
natural and original state, it will either become a thorny waste or be
covered by worthless weeds. When cleared and cultivated, this
same unproductive field will yield plentiful harvests of food for
human sustenance.
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This same difference is noticeable among animals; some have
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been domesticated, educated, others left wild. The proof is clear
that the world of nature is imperfect, the world of education perfect.
That is to say, man is rescued from the exigencies of nature by
training and culture; consequently, education is necessary, obligatory.
But education is of various kinds. There is a training and development
of the physical body which ensures strength and growth.
There is intellectual education or mental training for which schools
and colleges are founded. The third kind of education is that of the
spirit. Through the breaths of the Holy Spirit man is uplifted into
the world of moralities and illumined by the lights of divine bestowals.
The moral world is only attained through the effulgence of
the Sun of Reality and the quickening life of the divine spirit. For
this reason the holy Manifestations of God appear in the human
world. They come to educate and illuminate mankind, to bestow
spiritual susceptibilities, to quicken inner perceptions and thereby
adorn the reality of man—the human temple—with divine graces.
Through Them man may become the point of the emanations of
God and the recipient of heavenly bounties. Under the influence of
Their teachings he may become the manifestation of the effulgences
of God and a magnet attracting the lights of the supreme
world. For this reason the holy, divine Manifestations are the first
Teachers and Educators of humanity; Their traces are the highest
evidences, and Their spiritual tuition is universal in its application
to the world of mankind. Their influence and power are immeasurable
and unlimited. One heavenly Personage has developed many
nations. For example, Jesus Christ, single and unassisted, educated
the Roman, Greek and Assyrian nations and all of Europe. It
is evident, therefore, that the greatest education is that of the Spirit.
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The spirit of man must acquire its bounties from the Kingdom of
God in order that it may become the mirror and manifestation of
lights and the dawning point of divine traces, because the human
reality is like the soil. If no bounty of rain descends from heaven
upon the soil, if no heat of the sun penetrates, it will remain black,
forbidding, unproductive; but when the moistening shower and the
effulgent glow of the sun’s rays fall upon it, beautiful and redolent
flowers grow from its bosom. Similarly, the human spirit or reality
of man, unless it becomes the recipient of the lights of the Kingdom,
develops divine susceptibilities and consciously reflects the
effulgence of God, will not be the manifestation of ideal bounties,
for only the reality of man can become the mirror wherein the lights
of God are revealed. The reality of man will then be as the spirit of
this world, for just as the animus of life quickens the physical
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human body, so the body of the world will receive its vivification
through the animating virtue of the sanctified spirit of man.
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During the ministry of Jesus Christ in Palestine He was surrounded
by people of various nations, including the Jews, all of
them living in the condition of extreme ignorance, bereft of the
Word of God and darkened in consciousness. Christ educated
these people and quickened them with the life of the Word so that
they in turn became the instruments of educating the world, illumining
the East and the West.
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Consider the wonderful effect of spiritual education and training.
By it the fisherman Peter was transformed into the greatest of
teachers. Spiritual education made the disciples radiant lamps in
the darkness of the world and caused the Christians of the first and
second centuries to become renowned everywhere for their virtues.
Even philosophers bore testimony to this. Among them was
Galen, the physician, who wrote a book upon the subject of the
progress of the nations. He was a celebrated philosopher of the
Greeks, although not a Christian. In his book he stated that religious
beliefs exercise a tremendous influence upon civilization and
that the world is in need of such belief. In proof of this, he said, in
substance, “In our time there is a certain people called Christians,
who, though neither philosophers nor scholastically trained, are
superior to all others as regards their morality. They are perfect in
morals. Each one of them is like a great philosopher in morals,
ethics and turning toward the Kingdom of God.” This is evidence
from the testimony of an intelligent outside observer that spiritual
education is the light of the world of humanity and that its absence
in the world is darkness itself.
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Bahá’u’lláh appeared in Persia at a time when the darkness of
ignorance enveloped the East, and there was no trace of human
love and fellowship. Through divine education and the power of
the breaths of the Holy Spirit He so refined the souls of the Persians
who followed Him that they attained a station of highest intelligence
and reflected the attributes of perfection to the world.
Whereas formerly they were ignorant, they became knowing; they
were weak, they became mighty; they were without integrity, they
became conscientious; they were hostile toward all men, they developed
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love for humanity; they were spiritually negligent, they
became mindful and attentive; they were sleeping, they became
awakened; they disagreed among themselves, they united in love
and are now striving to render service to the world of humankind.
Service to God and mankind is their sole intention; they have
neither wish nor desire save that which is in accordance with the
good pleasure of God. The good pleasure of God is love for His
creatures. The will and plan of God is that each individual member
of humankind shall become illumined like unto a lamp, radiant
with all the destined virtues of humanity, leading his fellow creatures
out of natural darkness into the heavenly light. Therein rests
the virtue and glory of the world of humanity. This is the perfection,
honor and glory of man; otherwise, man is an animal and
without differentiation from the creatures of that lower kingdom.
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It is clearly evident that while man possesses powers in common
with the animal, he is distinguished from the animal by intellectual
attainment, spiritual perception, the acquisition of virtues,
capacity to receive the bestowals of Divinity, lordly bounty and
emanations of heavenly mercy. This is the adornment of man, his
honor and sublimity. Humanity must strive toward this supreme
station. Christ has interpreted this station as the second birth. Man
is first born from a world of darkness, the matrix of the mother, into
this physical world of light. In the dark world from whence he
came he had no knowledge of the virtues of this existence. He has
been liberated from a condition of darkness and brought into a new
and spacious realm where there is sunlight, the stars are shining,
the moon sheds its radiance, there are beautiful views, gardens of
roses, fruits and all the blessings of the present world. How did he
attain these blessings? Through the agency of birth from the
mother. Just as man has been physically born into this world, he
may be reborn from the realm and matrix of nature, for the realm of
nature is a condition of animalism, darkness and defect. In this
second birth he attains the world of the Kingdom. There he witnesses
and realizes that the world of nature is a world of gloom,
whereas the Kingdom is a world of radiance; the world of nature is
a world of defects, the Kingdom is a realm of perfection; the world
of nature is a world without enlightenment, the Kingdom of
spiritual humanity is a heaven of illumination. Great discoveries
and revelations are now possible for him; he has attained the reality
of perception; his circle of understanding is illimitably widened; he
views the realities of creation, comprehends the divine bounties
and unseals the mystery of phenomena. This is the station which
Christ has interpreted as the second birth. He says that just as ye
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were physically born from the mother into this world, ye must be
born again from the mother world of nature into the life of the divine
Kingdom. May you all attain this second, spiritual birth.
“That which is born of the flesh is flesh; and that which is born of
the Spirit is spirit.”
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